Method of and apparatus for manufacturing glass bottles.



F. O'NEILL.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS BOTTLES. APPLICATIONFILED MAY 27 1909.

1 :1}. 1 a Patented June 6, 1911,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- P. ONEILL. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS BOTTLES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1909.

Patented June 6, 1911.

6 SHEETS-$153121 lm'tnaw w.-

F. ONEILL. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS BOTTLES.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY27,1909.

Patented June 6, 1911.

6 SHBETSSHEET 3.

ma'uwasw F. ONEILL. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSBOTTLES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1909.

Patented June 5, 1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

F. ONEILL. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS BOTTLES.

APPLIOATIQE FILED MAY 27, 1909.

Patented June 6; 1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

r v P. ONEILL.- METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS BOTTLES.

APPLICATION FI LED MAY 27,1909.

Patented June 6, 1911.

6 SHBETS--SHBBT 0.

nrr A -i arnmronnron.

FRANK O'NEILL, OF ZANESVILLE, UHIO, ASSIGNGE TO .ONEILL, BOTTLE HEAOHINE(J9m PANY, OF TIER-RE HAU TE, INDIANA, A GQBJPOMTION F INDIANQ.

METHOD OF AND APFABATUS FOR MANUFAQTURING- Gfifi$$ BQTTLE'S.

994,421,, Specification of Letters Patent. P t nted dune e, i913 at.

Application filed May $7, 1290.). Serial No. $9830 To all whom it mayconcern; from operative position. In the presentem Be it known that I,FRANK ONEILL, a bodiment, means are provided iior raising" resident ofZane'sville, in the county of the blow mold, and projecting upwardlyMuskingum and State of Ohio, have inthrough the bottom thereof a suctibndevented certain new and useful Improvevice which engages and draws downthew ments in Methods of and Apparatus. for blank to the full depth oithe blow mold,

' Mai-'ifacturing Glass Bottles, of which the as above indicated. D Ifollowing'is a specification. The invention includes various struc- Thisinvention relates to the manufac tural improvements not aboveenumerated, ture of glass bottles, and the apparatus as such as valveadjusting devic s, valve 0 en- 65 here embodied for practicing the sameis 'ing and closin devices, eta, all of w iich of the general typeemploying a blank or ,are fully descri d hereinafter. parison mold openat one end to receive In the accompanying drawings, Figures moltenglass, such mold cooperating with 1 and 2 are elevations of a machinefor a neck mold in which the mouth or neck of practicing the invention,taken at opposite the bottle is shaped. In this type of ma sidesthereof, and with the mochanisms i1. chine, the open end of the blankmold is 'initial orstarting position. Fig. 3 is a .uppermost when itreceives the molten glass sectional elevation, showing the parison andand the latter flows down into the neck neck-molds inverted from thepositions in mold and the neck finishing operation is Figs. 1 and2, andwith the blow mold accomplished while the parts are in this raised toposition to close around the'blank" position. Thereafter, the molds areresuspended from the neck mold, the parison versed, placing the blankmold'beneath the mold being always open when inverted, as neck mold,with the blank mold removed in this view. Fig. 4 s a side' elevation oia from the glass blank and the latter in posiportion of the mechanism,showing half '01 39 tion to cotiperate with a blow mold in which theblow mold in the position or Fig. 3, and s the shaping of the bottle iscompleted. in Fig. 4 the suction device being'shown The presentinvention is directed to varilowered with the blank drawn downward, ousfeatures of the bottle making operam while in Fig. 3 the suction deviceis raised" 30,.tion. One. of these-features is the elongato engage thesuspended blank. I Fig. His tion of the blank within the blow mold justa detail on a larger scale of the suction deprevious to the blowingoperation. The vice and the lower end of half of the blow length of theblank-is thus made coextenmold. Figs. 6 and T are vertical cr0ss-sec,sive with the depth of the blow mold and tions of the rotatable carrierwhich sup- %.the expansion resultin from such blowing ports the parisonand neck molds, both 90 is all in a lateral di 'ectioml Ieretofore,-views being taken on line X--X o'it'Fig. 8, with the blank shortertha'nthe blow mold in Fig. 6 the parison mold being in upthe blast orbolt of air admitted into the right position and the plunger projectedblank has in many instances tended toupwardly into the glass blank,while in force f its way through the unsupported .Fig. 7 said molds areinverted, the parison' lower end of the blank and ruin the same. mold isopened away from the blank as -in- The blank ispreferably elongated by aFig. 3, and the plunger is shown withdrawn.- downwardly drawing suctionaction. from the blank, with the-latter suspended A further purpose isto'provide an imfrom the neck "mold ready to be c1n= proved rotatablemounting for the blank braced by the blow mold. Fig. 8 is a rear 99 andfinishing or neck mold carrier, to elevation ofthe rotatable moldcarrier do gether with efficient means for rotating the ,tached from itsbear-in or support. 9 same to invert such molds. is a vertical sectionof the carrier and the A further object is to provide improved cylindersfor operating the parison mold,

means for manipulating the press mold sec-- the same taken on'line 9-9of Fig. 11. Fig. 9 tions whereby they areopened or separated 10 is across-section on line 10-100f Fig. from the blank by the' invertingoperation 9; Fig. 11 is a plan of't-he carrier and the and placed outofv the way of the blow mold. parison and neck molds, the cylinderAnother object is to, rovide improved portion of the mechanism being insection means for moving 'the 1 0w mold to and on line 11'- 11 ofFig.9.. Fig. 12 is a view detailsofthe valve for the uppermost cylrackreciprocating piston.

, for operating cylinders-an in the parison mold, and Fig. 13 adesimilar to'Fi 8, showing the, gear wheel forrotating t e carrier, andthe fixed stops the valve which controls the pistons tor openingandclos- Referring to the drawings, 2 designates a'post or column whichsupports the-various mechanisms,-and ishere'arranged on a 3 v table 3which is rotatable on the portable stand' i, the object being toassemble sev:. eral complete mechanisms on the same column and havethem, rotatable so that they may be used successively and thus increase4 the production. However, only one con pletb mechanism is here shown.as that "is sufficient for illustrating the invention, no novelty beingclaimed forjproviding a. series of successively acting mechanisms.

Referring first to the upper portion of the machine, carrier 5 isprovided with a tapered or plug-like spindle 6 rotatable in bearing 7'proj ectingfrom post 2. Mounted on the carrier is the sectional neckmold 8, the sectional blank or'par'ison mold 9, and mechanism foropening and closing the last mentioned mold. A gear wheel 10, on spindle6 engages rack-bar 11, the latter carried by a piston operating-incylinder 12, the cylinderv supported by and elevated from column 2, asshown. Hand valve 13 controls the movement of the piston within thecylinder, as will be presently explained.

The hand operated blow mold. 14 is supported in the vertical plane.ofmolds 8 and 9 by table 15, the latter being slidable vertically inguideway 16 of column 2. The table is moved vertically and the blow moldthus raised and lowered by means of a rod '17 having its piston workingin cylinder 18 at the base of the machine. The operating air for thiscylinder is controlled by valve 19, as will presently be described. I

The suction mechanism for elongating the blank within the blow moldpreceding the blowing operation consists of a cylinder 20, havingsecured to its piston 21 the tubular piston rod 22 which operatesthrough an aperture, in table 15 and the bottom of mold 14. The upperend of the tube 22 is contracted by a plug 23, leaving only acomparatively small annular slot 24. for the suction action. A. suctionor erhaust tube 25 is secured to piston 21 and communlcates with tube22. Tube 25 reciprocates through the lower head of cylinder 20 and maybe connected with any suitable exhaust means for creating a suction atslot 24.

The admission of air at opposite ends of cylinder 20 for raising andlowering piston 21 is controlled by valve 26, having an arm 27 which isengaged and the valve oscillated by stops 28 and 29'encountered duringand down travel of table 15.-

The operation of the machine is as follows :Tlie requisite quantity ofglass is dropped in the parison mold 9 when the latter is in positionwith its open end uppermost,-as in Figs. .1, 2 and 6, the molten glasssettling into neck mdld 8. Thereupon a neckxmold and into the glass,'the plunger being connected to hand lever 31 pivoted to carrier 5.This'operation forces the glass 'into the configuration cavities of theneck v mold and gives to the mouth or neck its 'permanenflshape, and at'thesame time formsa starting hollow or depression forthe the up plunger30 is forced upward .through they air subsequently admitted to the.blank for blowing it;

hand valve 13,thereby-reciprocating rack ,bar lland turning carrier 5and the molds Upon withdrawing plunger 30 by the lowering of lever-31,the positions of 'mo1ds.8 and 9 are reversed by operating from theposition shown in Fig. 6 to that I of Fig.7. This operation results inopening mold 9 and moving the section's thereof laterally from the blankB, asin Fig. 3.. The action is such that when the molds reachthe-position shown in Fig. 7 m6ld9 to impede the upward movement of'theblow mold. This movement is accomplished by manipulating valve 19' whichresults in raising table 15 and placing the upper end of the blow moldin engagementwith'neck mold '8, as in Fig. 3, the blow mold being openhas beenfully opened and there is nothing 55 at suchtime so as tofreelyembrace blank B, but isclosed immediately upon being raised. Whentable 15moves upward, 'piston'21 andssuction tube 22 are in the elevatedposition shown in Fig. 3,'so that such upward movement places theupper'contracted I end of tube 22 in engagement with the'lower extremityof blank vB, and the suction through slot 24 causes the glass to-adhereto 1 the tube and lower therewith. This lowering movement isaccomplished by arm 27 of valve 26 engaging stop 29 upon completion ofthe upward travel .of table 15.. and the blow mold, this turning ofvalve 26 admit-- tingair above piston'21 and exhausting the air frombelow the latter, thus lowering the piston and tube 22 into theposit-ion shown in Figs. 5 and 6 with the upper end of the latv tercountersunk in-the mold bottom. The travel or throw of piston 21 may beregulated by adjusting cylinder. 20 vertically beneath clamp plates 32which secure it to the table structure. The blank is thus elongated tothe full depth of the blow mold and is so suspended that there is nodanger of the blast or bolt of air puncturing the bottom of the blank,as is liable to occur when the blank is unsupported from below. Variousmeans may be employed for thus dopressing or elongating the blank, andit is 994,421 I as obvious Lwi' this may be done by a sucking or airexhausting operation performed in different ways. \Vith the blank thusdistended and its lower end supported, hand valve 33 is operated to forma continuous port 34 from the center of spindle 6 to cavity 35 ofcarrier 5, from which the air flows into the recessed mouth .or neck ofthe blank and distends the latter in the blow mold. Only a momentaryblast or bolt is necessary,

the operator manipulating valve 33 for this purpose, as required. Uponcompletion of. the blowing operation the neck mold 8 and the blow moldare opened and the bottle removed. Following this, table 15 is loweredby manipulating valve 19, whereupon the carrier 5 supporting theblankand neck molds is free to oscillate, this being accomplishedthrough the medium of valve 13, placing the'parison mold 9 again inupright position, such return movement operating to close said mold, aswill presently appear. Thus'the parts are restored to their severalstarting .positions for repeating the bottleforming-operation. Whereseveral sets of mechanism are grouped on a revoluble table, ashereinbefore suggested, such sets may be presented. to the operator prgressively, so that the firstor starting operation may be proceeded within one set before the operation is fully completed by the preceding set,thus greatly expediting the work.

The compressed air for the several cylinders, also for the blowingoperation is supplied through pipe 40. A pipe 41 con nected to the-latter supplies air to valve 13.

which controls cylinder 12. Another exj tension 42 from pipe-40 leadsthrough bearing 7 to the spindle 6 ported at 6' to furnish air for theblowing operation and to open and close mold 9. A downward extension 43of pi e 40 leads to valve 19 which controls cylin er 18, and a branch 44from pipe 43 is connected to valve 126 which controls cylinder 20.

Valve 13,is showndn detail in Figs. 14, 15 and 16. It is of plug formand provided with a central exhaust port 45 having lateral branches 46and 47 which register alternately with pipes 48 and 49 extending'toopposite ends of cylinder 12, thereby exhausting one end or the other,as the case may be. Encircling valve 13 in the plane of air inlet pipe41 is a groove 50 having lateral branches 51 and 52. the former adaptedto register with pipe 4S.a; d the latter with pipe4-9topass air intooppo l ends of the cylinder 1:2. The arrangehn' t is such that when thevalve is turned to admit air into one end of the -:-ylinderthe oppositeand is connected to the usual form and is ported to just one-half theextent of'valve 13, as it is necessary to admit and exhaust air at thelower end only of cylinder 18, table 15 lowering by gravity from blowingposition. Valve 19 maybe operated by foot t-readle 19. As no noveltyisclaimed herein for these valves 26 and 19, nor for treadle 19", theillustration is deen'ied suflicicnt.

The mechanism for opening and closing mold 9 will now be described. Oneof the half sections of this mold is supported by an arm 53, and theother half by Similar arm 54. These arms are shaped to lie in differentvertical planes, as clearly shown in Figs. 6 and 7, and are extendedbackward into the portion of carrier 5 equipped with two cylinders 55and 56, one above and out of. line with .the other, so that .the armsmay move freely. Each of the arms carries a plate-like guiding extension57 which moves'in slideways 58 extending longitudinally of and beyondthe respective cylinders, thereby secuging accuracy in the opening andclosing movements and preventing the pistons from cramping in thecylinders.

Arm 53 is connected to piston 59 of cylinder 55, and arm 54 is connectedin like manner to piston 60 of cylinder 56. Ports lead from a valvechamber to opposite ends of each of these cylinders, as shown in Figs. 8and 9, -61' and 62 being the ports leading to the outer ends-of thecylinders 55 and 56, respectively, and ports 63 and 64 to their. innerends. The elongated plug valve 66 operative-in chamber 65, has thecentral encircling groove 67 in constant communicationwith air inletport 34 in carrier 5, as indicated at 68, Fig. 6. Grooves 69 in valve 66lead from groove 67 outwardly to register-with ports 61 'and 62, whilesimilar but shorter grooves 70 are likewise, arranged to-connect groove67- with ports 63 and 64 leading to the inner ends of the cylinders. vThus with valve 66 turned to one position, air is admittedsimultaneously to the inner ends of the cylinders and forces their,pistons outward, thereby closing together the sections of mold-9, and inanother position of the valve air is similarly admitted to the outer endofthe cylinders,

forcing their pistons inward and opening the mold.

An exhaust port-'71 is formed through the longitudinal center of valve66 and has branches 72 adapted to register with cylin-f the turning ofcarrier 5, the stem of the 'valve is -.provided.with an arm 75 whichcooperates with the curved or beveled fixed steps 76 and 17 whichproject-into the'path 1 traveled by arm; 75 when the carrier is turnedto. invert molds 8 and 9. Y \Vhen mold 9 is uppermost, .as in Figs,1,2,6 and '10, the valve arm isin engagement with-and E I has been movedby stop-"T6 so as to exhaust tles consisting in producing a non-tubularblank shorter'than the bottle formed thereon the exterior of theopposite end of the '.mold. 9 close(l., {non returning carrier'9 toreverse the molds from the position of stop 77: and so turns the valveas to exhaust the inner endsv of the cylinders and admit airtto theouter ends, thusope'ning mold 9 as in Figs. .3 and 11', themolcl'sections room forf-blow mold 14 to move upward,-as-' in Fig. 3.Ihe opening and-closing of mold 9' is thustaken careof automatically -bythe turn-ingot carrier 5, andno attention on the part of theoperatorisfn ecessary' in;

I \Vhile the'several structural details have been described withconsiderable particularity, I do not limit myself thereto, as mechthespirit and scope of the appended claims.

thereof,and'then'distending the blank latltlesfconsisting inproducingablank shorter than the bottle formed therefrom; holdingact-ingon the exterior of its opposite end without marring the same,and'then distendftheouter ends of cylinders 53 and 56 and admit an totl'llfl5,"]Iln0I' ends, thus hold ng- Fig. 6 to that of Fig. 7, armengages,

moving-away from blank B and affording;

this-regard.

anismior'practicing' the invention may be iva'riously employedwithoutdeparting from Iclairni-L- 1. A method of manufacturing glass botfronn'thcn dis'tending the non-tubular blank in thedirection of itslength by suction-actingon the exterior thereof,.and then distending theblank laterally by blowing 2. A method of manufacturing glass-bottending the blankonly in the direction of its length; by suction actingon the exterior erally. Y 3. A methodof manufacturingglass'botone end ofthe'blank fixed'and simultane: ously elongating the same by' suctionacting blank, and distendingthe blank laterally.

4. A method of manufacturing glass bot tles consisting in producing 'ablank shorter and of less cross-sectional area than the formedbottle,holding the blank at one end and simultaneously elongating it by meansing the blank laterally.

the blank at one end within such mold, and

simultaneously elongating the supported .blank by means acting on theexterior of. ts

opposite end-without marring the same, and

distending the blank laterally.

6. A method of manufacturing glassbottending the blank .laterally after'is" fully tending the blankllatera'lly, and then disengaging only theexterior surface of theblank for elongating it to the length of the'bottle'subsequently formed therefrom.

8. In" the manufacture-ofglass bottles, meansforv forming a blankshorter. than the finished bottlefmeans for holding one end of theblank,'.and' a. movablesuct-ion device en-- .gagingonlythe externalsurface of the oppositeendof the blank for elbngat-ing the.

latter to-the length of the bottle subsequently formed therefrom.a I 59." In. the manufacture of glass bottles.

means for fanning a blank shorter and of less cross-sectional area thanthe cavity ofa' .mold in .which the bottle is formed, suction 'meansmovablelongitudinally of the blank.

andengaging .Lonly' the exterior-surface" thereof, a mold, means fordistending ..the

.blank laterally, and mechanism operative in advance of the .laterallydisten'ding means for actuating the suction means,-ther eby dis--'kpding the blank longitudinally before disendmg itlaterally.

for opening said mold, a blow mold, and

blowing means.

.12. In a bottle making machine, a neck mold having indentations whichshape the neck and also retain the neek-end,of'the blank, 'a blow. moldembracing the blank,

non-marring means movable within the blow mold and engaging only theexterior of the l blank for elongating the same, and blowing- 5. Amethod of manufacturing glass botmeans.

. tles consisting in producing a blank shorter l and of lesscross-sectional area than the l neck mold, means shaping one end of a,blank forming avity of a blow mold, supportlng therein with the blankheld by and extending 13. In the manufacture of glass bottlesfa' 10. Ina bottle making machine, a'carrier. means for myertx'ng the carrier,sectional parlson and neck molds on the earner, automold, a blow moldinclosing the blank, suc- 7 by which the valve is moved into operativeineans for inverting the carrier, a sectional fparison mold and a neckmold on the carrier giawith the parison mold above the neck mold at thebeginning mold,

eel-ear.

from the neck mold and shatter than a blow tion means acting bnl on theexterior of the opposite end of the b ankitor elongating the name whilethus inclosed, and blowing means.

14. In a bottle making 1nachine,'a carrier, means for invertingthecarrier, a sectional parison mold and a neck mold in operativerelation to each other on the carrier, cylinders and pistons in thecylinders connected to the sections of the parison mold for open- .ingand closing the latter, a valve controlling the cylinders, two valveactuating devices relation by the carrier, one of said devices movingthe valve to open the parison mold when in lowermost position, a blowmold, means for placing the blow mold the neck mold and the blank inoperative relation, and blowing means.

15. in av bottle making machine, a carrier mounted to oscillate on ahorizontal axis, 'a power cylinder, a rack and gear connection betweenthe cylinder piston and the carrier for turning the latter, a sectionalparison mold and a neck mold on the carrier, means for opening theparison mold, a blow mold, means for placing the blow mold the neck moldand the blank in operative relation after the parison mold has beenbpened, and blowing means.

16. in a bottle making machine, a carrier,

of the operation, a plunger, means for moving the plunger into the neckautomatic means for moving the sections of the paiison mold away fromthe blank the carrier has been inverted, a blow mold, means for placingthe blow mold the neck mold and the blank in operative relation afterthe parison mold has been opened, and blowing means.

1?. in a bottle making machine, a carrier, a ,spindle projecting fromthe carrier, a bearing in which the spindle turns, a section al parisonmoldfla'nd a neck mold mounted on the carrier, cylinders on the carrierhaving their pistons connected to the parison mold sections for openingand closing the latter, a valve on the carrier controlling saidcylinders, the carrier and the carrier spindle ported to conduct to thevalve and also to provide air for blowing, a blow mold, -means forplacing the blow mold the neck mold and the blank in operative relationafter the parison mold has been opened, and blowing means.

18. in a bottle making machine, a sectional parison mold, a ncckniold, ablow mold and means for placing the blow mold the neck mold and theblank in operative relation after the parison mold has been opened, asuction device and means for movlower end of the blank when the blo'winold is moved into operative position, means for depressing the suctiondevice and thereby elongating the blank to the depth of the blow mold,and blowing means.

20. In a bottle making machine, a neck mold, means suspending aglassblank from the neck mold with the upper end of the blank confinedtherein, the length of the blank being less than the depth of the blowmold, a blow mold, means for placing the blow mold the neck mold and theblank in operative, relation, means operative after thud, placing theblow mold and prior to the blovgin operation for elongating the blank tothe depth of the blow mold, and blowing means.

21. In a bottle making machine, a neck mold, means suspending a glassblank from the neck mold with the upper end of the blank confinedtherein, the length of the blank being less than the depth {of the .blowmold, a blow mold movable into operative relation with the neck mold andblank, ,a suction device movable vertically in the bot- 0 tomlot' theblow mold'and means movable with the blow mold for raising and loweringthe suction. device, the latter operating to elongate the blank withinthe blow mold, and blowing means.

22. In a bottle making machine, a neck mold, means suspending a glassblank from. the neck mold with the upper end of the blank confinedtherein, the length of the blank being less than the depth of the blowmold, a blow mold movable vertically into operative relation with theneck mold and blank, a suction device movable through the bottom of theblow mold for engaging and elongating the blank, a cylinder and pistonmovable vertically with the blow mold with the suction device secured tosaid piston, a valvecontrol for said cylinder, and blowing means.

In a bottle making machine, a neck mold, means suspending a glass blankfrom the neck moldwith the upper end of the blank confined therein, thelength of the blank being than. the depth of the blow mold, a verticallymovable table, a cylinder and piston for raising and lowering the table,a blow mold on the table and moved thereby into operative relation withthe neck mold and the blank, a cylinde and piston beneath and movablewith the table, a suction is ment of said piston tube/secured to saidpiston and movahl e' vertically through the bottom of the blo'w'mold foron gaging and elongating the blank witljn the blow mold, a valvecontrolling the rn'ov Y two fixed stops engaged bythe valve andmoving'the latter during the travel of the table, the lowermost stop'moving' the project the tube into the blow mold and thevalve to raisethe piston and 3 uppermost 'stop reversing the valve andlow- 10 eringthe piston and depressing the tube V and blowing means. I

In testimony whereof I afihi my signature in presence of two witnessee,

' FRANK ONEILL. Witnesses:

NINA L. SOUDEBS,

J AMEs M. BAILEY.

